Which is the term for the courts' power to declare a law unconstitutional?

• A. Veto
• B. Judicial review
• C. Override
• D. Repeal

Answer: (B)

The idea being tested is how courts check laws against the Constitution. The term for the courts' power to declare a law unconstitutional is judicial review. This means the judiciary can interpret laws and decide whether something violates the Constitution, and if it does, the law or action can be struck down. This creates a crucial check on the other branches, keeping laws within constitutional bounds. In U.S. history, Marbury v. Madison established this authority, showing that courts can review laws and government actions for constitutionality. By contrast, veto is the President rejecting a bill, override is Congress passing a bill despite a presidential veto, and repeal is Congress cancelling a law—none of these involve the courts ruling on constitutional validity.